Christianity is a diverse and rich tapestry of beliefs, practices, and traditions, encompassing a wide range of denominations. Each denomination has its unique history, interpretation of scripture, and distinct set of beliefs and practices. Understanding the various Christian denominations can provide valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of the Christian faith and the importance of discernment in identifying authentic denominations.
On the “No More Silos” podcast, we like to bring clarity around how our Western cultural beliefs inform our practice of Christianity. Understanding denominations is important to identifying where our ideas come from. The following article provides a framework for the history and a few resources for learning more about the variety of traditions within Christianity.
Defining “Denomination”
The term “denomination” originally simply meant the act of naming things or categorizing them according to common group labels (notice the nomina, Latin for “name”). It only began to be applied to churches in the eighteenth century.1 For Roman Catholicism, there is only “the Church” and then “separated brethren.”2Reformation church confessions also tend to speak of only one church. Some of them contrast “the true Church” with “sects who call themselves the Church.”3Others say that the church can be “more or less visible.”4 The Church of England speaks of “particular or national church[es].”5 This is important to note because when people use the term “denomination,” they often assume a specific sort of church and theology—usually an American and an evangelical one. But not all denominations agree on what a denomination is or even recognize the validity of the concept.
https://www.logos.com/grow/christian-denominations/
Historical Overview of Christian Denominations
The history of Christian denominations can be traced back to the early days of Christianity when different communities and regions developed unique theological perspectives and ecclesiastical structures. The Great Schism of 1054 marked the split between the Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches, leading to the formation of two major branches within Christianity.
During the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century, significant theological, ecclesiastical, and cultural changes occurred, resulting in the emergence of various Protestant denominations. These denominations, including Lutheranism, Calvinism, Anglicanism, and Anabaptism, reflected diverse interpretations of scripture and theological convictions.
Beliefs and Practices of Different Christian Denominations
Each Christian denomination holds distinct beliefs and practices that shape its identity and worship. For example, Baptists emphasize believer’s baptism and congregational governance, while Anglicans value the sacraments and apostolic succession. Methodists prioritize social justice and holiness, while Pentecostals emphasize the gifts of the Holy Spirit and charismatic worship.
The Nicene Creed and the Apostles’ Creed serve as foundational statements of faith for many Christian denominations. According to a survey conducted by the Pew Research Center, approximately 90% of Catholic, Orthodox, and mainline Protestant denominations affirm the Nicene Creed, while evangelical Protestant denominations also widely support it. Similarly, the Apostles’ Creed is recognized and affirmed by a significant majority of Christian denominations across the spectrum.
Nicene Creed
We believe in one God, the Father, the Almighty, maker of heaven and earth, of all that is seen and unseen. We believe in one Lord, Jesus Christ, the only Son of God, eternally begotten of the Father, God from God, light from light, true God from true God, begotten, not made, one in Being with the Father. For us and for our salvation he came down from heaven, by the power of the Holy Spirit he was born of the Virgin Mary and became truly human. For our sake he was crucified under Pontius Pilate; he suffered, died and was buried. On the third day he rose again in fulfillment of the Scriptures; he ascended into heaven and is seated at the right hand of the Father. He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead, and his kingdom will have no end. We believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life, who proceeds from the Father [and the Son]. Who with the Father and the Son is worshiped and glorified. Who has spoken through the prophets. We believe in one holy catholic and apostolic Church. We acknowledge one baptism for the forgiveness of sins. We look for the resurrection of the dead, and the life of the world to come. Amen.
Theopedia
Cults Falsely Presenting Themselves as Christian Denominations
In contemporary times, there are cults and fringe groups that falsely present themselves as Christian denominations, often espousing unorthodox beliefs and practices that deviate from historic Christian orthodoxy. These groups may claim to be Christian while promoting heretical teachings or manipulating scripture to suit their agendas.
The potential impact of such cults on the Christian community is significant, as they can sow confusion, division, and doctrinal distortion among believers. Christians must exercise discernment and engage in theological reflection rooted in scripture and historical Christian tradition to identify and refute false teachings.
Chart of Denominations
Last summer, I discovered a YouTube channel called “Useful Charts.” As a history enthusiast, I found their videos to be an exciting and in-depth exploration of topics that may seem trivial to others. I was particularly interested in their chart on denominations, which I ended up purchasing and hanging up in my classroom. This fall, while teaching an advanced discipleship course at my church, we covered false gospels. The comparative study that I had on hand proved to be a valuable reference for the class.
The diverse landscape of Christian denominations reflects the richness and complexity of the Christian faith, encompassing a wide array of beliefs, practices, and traditions. Understanding the historical context, beliefs, and practices of different denominations can foster appreciation for the unity amidst diversity within the body of Christ. Additionally, discernment and theological vigilance are crucial in identifying genuine Christian denominations and safeguarding the integrity of the Christian community from false teachings and cultic influences.
Why does any of this matter?
Today, researchers are pointing to the rise of the “nones” (no religious affiliation) and the rise of the “nondenominational” church. As I pointed out in the recent No More Silos episodes on finding a new church home, it can be confusing to follow what’s really going on theologically at a nondenominational church because they’re often a blend of multiple denominational traditions. I think it helps to learn about the various traditions and how they are connected. I am currently doing research for an upcoming episode on people who fall into another category, “the de-churched,” and how cultural Christianity and mainline denominations have muddled things.
In conclusion, exploring the world of Christian denominations offers a profound opportunity to celebrate the multifaceted nature of the Christian faith while emphasizing the importance of discernment in discerning authentic Christian expressions from counterfeit ones.